In the biotechnology and pharmaceuticals businesses, mammalian cell culture is very important to make medicinal proteins, antibodies, and certain chemicals. If we want to get a decent protein output while maintaining the high quality and in the process make sure batches are all the same we must find the best cell growth settings. In this guest post, I will discuss the specific things that affect how well mammalian cell cultures work and also suggest various ways by which we can make higher amounts of protein production.
Most people think bacterial or yeast cultures and mammal cell cultures are almost similar. Mammal cell culture is very complex with their unique nutritional and environmental requirements. However, bacterial or yeast cultures necessitate a precise equilibrium of growth agents, nutrients, and physicochemical properties. When it comes to mammal cell culture, various crucial elements significantly influence cell growth and productivity. These aspects include the composition of the culture media, pH and osmolality levels, temperature and gas composition, as well as shear stress and agitation.
Culture media formulation provides the cells with vital nutrients, growth hormones, and buffering agents that are necessary for their growth and protein production which arguably make it the most crucial element of cell culture. We can profoundly impact cell viability, growth kinetics, and protein production rates, and all of these important aspects of cell culture if we fine-tune the media composition. To fine-tune it we can adjust glucose, glutamine, and amino acid concentrations, supplement with growth factors (e.g., insulin, transferrin), we can modify lipid composition, and add protein hydrolysates or plant-based supplements.
Another factor that can impair cell growth, metabolism, and protein production of the cells are changes in pH and osmolality. So, it is compulsory to maintain the optimal pH range (typically between 7.0 and 7.4) so that the cellular functions run smoothly as well as the protein folding. To prevent osmotic stress and cell damage osmolality concentration of solutes in the culture media should be controlled. Cell Culture Company has high-tech bioreactors with pH and osmolality tracking and control systems that let us make changes in real time during the culture process.
Another factor that exerts a profound influence on mammalian cell culture is temperature and gas composition levels of oxygen and carbon dioxide to be exact. 36°C and 37°C is the ideal temperature when most cell lines thrive. Besides the gas composition impacts pH, nutrient uptake, and metabolic rates. To make these factors work best, Cell Culture Company keeps the temperature stable with its cutting-edge advanced technology. We also control the amount of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the air to ensure the growth of the cells along with perfusion or fed-batch methods to add nutrients and get rid of waste products from metabolism.
Process Analytical Technology (PAT) as well as automation is becoming most common in modern cell culture manufacturing plants to monitor and control critical process variables in a constant real-time basis. PAT tools offer coveted data for healthcare management that is based on the actual evidence, while robot automated systems allow more efficient work, ensure reproducibility, and reduce human error. At Cell Culture Company, we use PATand automation to monitor and regulate important process parameters in real-time. The analysis equipment that our PAT tools come equipped with can be quite potent and they may be able to provide vital information such as cell density, viability, etc, and the nutrients as well as metabolite concentrations. The data that they give is reliable and relevant. They enable authorities to take necessary decisions and carry out the process modifications. We provide for automation solutions, including an innovative bioreactor control software and automated working platforms. Also, we make the processes simple, create repeatable steps, and minimize the probability of the human error.
The cell culture development from a small-scale lab flask research to a large-scale industrial production scale brings up even more challenges. Challenges to the scale-up involve regulating the culture environment the same way across larger volumes, providing sufficient oxygen transfer and nutrient distribution, and minimizing detrimental effects from high shear stress and heterogeneity Strategies for effective scale-up consist in using brood down models and CFD simulations, sophisticated design of large-scale culture vessels (as an example, perfusion bioreactors and disposable bioreactors), and also optimizing seed train and inoculum preparation process.
Through the meticulous regulation of culture media constituents, pH, osmolality, temperature, gas composition, and shear stress biotechnology Cell Culture Company can attain the highest yield of proteins while still keeping their quality and replicating the product. Implementing state-of-the-art equipment such as PAT technology, automation, and bioreactor designs of specific nature will bring process control to a higher level and allow smooth scaling up from lab to commercial enterprises. During both suspension cultures or bioreactors, the shear stress and agitation can be controlled so that unnecessary damage to the cells is prevented, but enough mixing will still be achieved. Complications resulting from shear stress are typically solved through engagement in prudent impeller selection, low-shear bioreactor systems, careful aeration rate control as well as bubble size.
Biopharmaceutical production technologies and methods are rapidly evolving and adapting to accommodate emerging tools. Therefore, to meet the ever-growing requirements and to have a better perspective of the field, the breeding of mammalian cells needs to be continually optimized. At Cell Culture Company we make sure with our experienced staff and high-end technology to continually optimize the process. Culture media become a major variation regulator, providing the cells with the necessary vitamins, amino acids, and buffering agents required for their proliferation and protein expression. Ensuring the precise media composition is an optimal parameter that directly contributes to cell health, growth speed, and protein expression. Orange juice commonly incorporates a range of optimization strategies like glucose, glutamine, and amino acid concentration adjustment, the addition of growth factors, and the modification of lipid composition or supplementation by protein hydrolyzates and plant-based supplements.
As processes grow from laboratory to commercial operation, controlling culture conditions across larger volumes, ensuring proper Oxygen contacts, and nutrition distributions, and reducing shear stress and heterogeneity are all the most key challenges. Approaches involving scale-down models, computer fluid dynamics simulations, specialized bioreactor systems, and improved seed cultures and inoculum setup are useful in ensuring efficient scale-up.
We apply sophisticated technologies and steadily improve the total mammalian cell culture environment, to create higher quality batches, with consistent results and meet current needs for biopharmaceutical products and thus getting ahead in the field.
