Introduction
The oil and gas industry (oil and gas industry email list) is a diverse and complex ecosystem, but it all comes down to supply and demand. A few key things have shaped the industry into what it is today: The discovery of new sources of hydrocarbons (oil & gas); advances in technology which allow us to extract more oil and gas; climate change that affects global demand for energy; and geopolitical instability. These factors combine to make our lives more 'carbon-constrained' than ever before - meaning we need more energy than ever before but we also need cleaner sources of energy too!
What is the Oil and Gas Industry?
The oil and gas industry (oil and gas industry Mailing List) is the largest industry in the world, with an annual revenue of $5.6 trillion. It is a global business that employs millions of people in over 200 countries.
The complexity of this large-scale, international business makes it difficult to understand how it works, but once you do understand it, you'll see how important it is to our economy and way of life.
Oil is made up mostly of hydrocarbons that were formed from dead plants and animals at least 50 million years ago when the Earth was much hotter than it is now. Enormous pressure caused these materials to become buried deep underground before they could decay completely; some chemical reactions then created petroleum (oil).
Global oil and gas demand.
As the world's population grows and becomes wealthier, demand for oil and gas is expected to increase significantly. In 2011, global demand for fossil fuels was 98 million barrels per day (bpd), but by 2040 it's projected to reach 133 million bpd—a 35% increase.
The IEA predicts that in 2040:
- The developing world (which includes Asia-Pacific) will account for 65% of global energy demand growth;
- Developed nations will account for 35%.
Timeline of supply, demand and price.
The timeline below shows the major events in oil & gas supply, demand and price since 1850.
- 1865: The first oil well is drilled in Pennsylvania.
- 1859-1933: Oil prices decline as refineries struggle to make gasoline from crude oil—a process that didn't become commercially viable until 1930.
- 1930s–1940s: Oil production increases due to improved drilling techniques such as rotary drilling (which uses electric motors) and cable tooling (using rods rather than cables).
- 1950s–1970s: Gasoline usage increases rapidly with the rise of automobiles; OPEC raises prices by cutting production quotas; American companies begin exporting domestic supplies overseas for profit.
- 1980s–1990s: With lower domestic reserves than other countries, America becomes less dependent on foreign imports for its energy needs; environmental concerns arise around off-shore drilling which makes it harder for companies to find new resources.* As climate change becomes more concerning, biofuels become an alternative source of fuel while nuclear power provides another option."
What is Upstream?
- Upstream (Exploration and Production)
The first step in the supply chain is exploration and production, which includes extracting oil and gas from the ground. Here's how it works: upstream companies discover resources through exploration, drill wells to extract them, then transport the crude oil or natural gas to refineries where they can be processed into refined products like gasoline and diesel.
- Downstream (Refining & Marketing)
What is Midstream?
Midstream.
Simply put, midstream companies are involved in the gathering, processing, and transportation of oil and gas. They play an important role in supplying energy to end-users by moving crude oil from its initial point of extraction to refineries. Once refined into a usable product (i.e., gasoline), it is then distributed to retail outlets for customers to purchase.
What is Downstream?
The downstream sector of the oil industry is responsible for refining and distributing refined products. Downstream activities also include marketing and selling these products to consumers.
Downstream activities involve refining crude oil into gas, diesel fuel and other petroleum products used in homes and businesses throughout the world. This process involves converting crude oil into various hydrocarbon chains by breaking down its chemical bonds using heat or catalysts like sulfuric acid or superheated steam. The resulting mixture of gases is then separated into individual components—light distillates (gasoline, kerosene) and heavier ones (diesel fuel). Once separated, they're recombined with other chemicals to produce fuels tailored to specific uses: lower-octane gasoline blends are better suited for cars while higher octane versions are ideal for airplanes; diesel fuels have superior lubricity properties that allow them to withstand high pressures without breaking down over time; jet fuel has low volatility so it doesn't evaporate easily but still burns cleanly when mixed with air during combustion (unlike gasoline).
The refineries themselves aren't connected directly with upstream activities because they aren't extracting any resources from nature at all—they just process existing stock provided by upstream suppliers who do this part themselves before passing along their product through pipelines across land or sea until it reaches its final destination--your local station!
Which Oil & Gas Companies are the Biggest in the World?
The largest oil and gas companies are listed below, in order of market capitalization: ExxonMobil, Royal Dutch Shell, BP, Chevron, Total, and ConocoPhillips. These are all major players in the industry--they account for roughly half of the world's oil production and three-quarters of its natural gas output. They also happen to be some of the most profitable companies on Earth.
The oil and gas industry encompasses every aspect of oil and gas production, from exploration to consumption.
The oil and gas industry encompasses every aspect of oil and gas production, from exploration to consumption. In this sense, it’s an umbrella term used to describe every company involved in the production and sale of these resources.
Oil & Gas Companies are involved in every aspect of the oil and gas industry from exploration to consumption. The scope of their operations includes:
Conclusion
The oil and gas industry is a complex, global market with many different players. But even though there are a lot of moving parts and people involved in the industry, it’s important to remember that all these companies work together and depend on each other in order to keep things running smoothly.
